Učni načrt predmeta

Predmet:

Programirana celična smrt

Course:

Programmed Cell Death

Študijski program in stopnja / Study programme and level	Študijska smer / Study field	Letnik / Academic year	Semester / Semester
Nanoznanosti in nanotehnologije, 3. stopnja	Bioznanosti	1	1
Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies, 3rd cycle	Biosciences	1	1

Vrsta predmeta / Course type

Izbirni / Elective

Univerzitetna koda predmeta / University course code:

NANO3-823

Predavanja Lectures	Seminar Seminar	Vaje Tutorial	Klinične vaje work	Druge oblike študija	Samost. delo Individ. work	ECTS
30	30			30	210	10

*Navedena porazdelitev ur velja, če je vpisanih vsaj 15 študentov. Drugače se obseg izvedbe kontaktnih ur sorazmerno zmanjša in prenese v samostojno delo. / This distribution of hours is valid if at least 15 students are enrolled. Otherwise the contact hours are linearly reduced and transfered to individual work.

Nosilec predmeta / Course leader:

prof. ddr. Boris Turk

Sodelavci / Lecturers:

Jeziki / Languages:

Predavanja / Lectures:

slovenščina, angleščina / Slovenian, English

Vaje / Tutorial:

Pogoji za vključitev v delo oz. za opravljanje študijskih obveznosti:

Prerequisites:

Končan študij druge stopnje biokemije, biologije, medicine ali katerekoli druge naravoslovne smeri.

Poznavanje osnov biokemije, molekularne in celične biologije ter poznavanje osnov analitskih metod s področja.

Second-cycle degree in biochemistry, biology, medicine or any other natural sciences discipline.

Basic knowledge of biochemistry and molecular and cell biology, as well as basic knowledge of analytical methods from the field.

Vsebina:

Content (Syllabus outline):

Uvod v področje: oblike celične smrti: nekroza in programirana nekroza, apoptoza, avtofagija.

Apoptoza: osnovne značilnosti apoptoze, molekularni mehanizmi regulacije, biološki pomen apoptoze.

Avtofagija: molekularni mehanizmi, regulacija, biološki pomen.

Nekroza/nekroptoza: molekularni mehanizmi, biološki pomen.

Vnetje in piroptoza: splošni mehanizmi, nastanek inflamasoma, medvrstne razlike…

Povezave med različnimi oblikami celične smrti: molekularni mehanizmi, pomen in vloga organelov.

Vloga proteaz pri regulaciji celične smrti: pomen proteaz za celično smrt oziroma preživetje celic.

Programirana celična smrt pri boleznih: nevrodegenerativna obolenja, rak, HIV, ishemija, virusne okužbe, parazitska obolenja, infektivne bolezni.

Analitske metode spremljanja celične smrti: encimatske metode, mikroskopija, imunološke metode, pretočna citometrija, itd.

Klinični razvoj: rak (IAP, Bcl-2 antagonisti, regulatorji autofagije, kemoterapija,…), neurodegenerativne bolezni.

Introduction to the field: cell death types; apoptosis, necrosis and programmed necrosis, autophagy.

Apoptosis: basic characteristics of apoptosis, molecular mechanism of regulation, biological relevance.

Autophagy: molecular mechanisms, regulation, biological relevance.

Necrosis/necroptosis: molecular mechanisms, biological relevance.

Inflammation and pyroptosis: basic mechanisms, inflammasome formation, species difference…

Links between different types of cell death: molecular mechanisms, organelle crosstalk.

Role of proteases in cell death regulation: importance of proteases for cell death or cell survival.

Programmed cell death in disease: neurodegeneration, cancer, HIV, ischemia, viral infections, parasitic diseases, infectious diseases.

Analytical methods for monitoring cell death: enzymatic methods, microscopy, immunological methods, flow cytommetry…

Clinical development: cancer (IAP, Bcl-2 antagonists, autophagy regulators, chemotherapy,…), neurodegenerative disorders.

Temeljna literatura in viri / Readings:

Klionsky DJ et al. (2021) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition). Autophagy 17, 1-382.
VITALE Ilio et al. Apoptotic cell death in disease-current understanding of the NCCD 2023. Cell death and differentiation. [Online ed.]. 2023, vol. 30, issue 5, str. 1097-1154. ISSN 1476-5403. DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01153-w
Galluzzi L, et al. (2024) Targeting immunogenic cell stress and death for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 23(6):445-460.
Montégut L, López-Otín C, Kroemer G. (2024) Aging and cancer. Mol Cancer. 23(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s12943-024-02020-z.
Cell Death Techniques: A Laboratory Manual; Editors: Ricky W. Johnstone and John Silke (August 2015),
Tekoča relevantna literatura iz problematike / Relevant current articles from the field (Nature, Science,
Cell, Nature Reviews, Autophagy…).

Cilji in kompetence:

Objectives and competences:

Seznaniti študenta s pojmom celične smrti, z različnimi vrstami celične smrti, z mehanizmi delovanja in regulacije celične smrti, z vlogo celične smrti v normalnih in patoloških procesih ter z razvojem kliničnih raziskav na področju. Študenta pripraviti na pripravo projektov s tega področja biomedicine.

Splošne kompetence:
- obvladanje raziskovalnih metod in postopkov, razvoj kritične in samokritične presoje,
- sposobnost uporabe znanja v praksi,
- razvoj komunikacijskih sposobnosti in spretnosti, posebej komunikacije v mednarodnem okolju,
- kooperativnost, delo v skupini in tudi v mednarodnem okolju.

Predmetnospecifične kompetence:
Študent se bo seznanil s teoretičnimi osnovami problematike programirane celične smrti in z njenim pomenom in aplikacijami v biomedicinskih raziskavah. Pri svojem delu bo uporabljal najnovejšo tujo strokovno literaturo, kar bo izboljšalo njegove sposobnosti uporabe tujega jezika in kritičnega pogleda na objavljeno raziskovalno delo. Priprava na pripravo projektov s področja celične smrti.

To inform student with the basics of cell death, including types of cell death, mechanisms of action and regulation, with the role of cell death in normal and pathological conditions, as well as with the development of clinical studies. To prepare student for future design of projects from this area of biomedicine.

General Competences:
- the student will master research methods and procedures and develop skills for critical assessment of his activities,
- the student will be able to put his knowledge into practice,
- the student will develop communications skills to present research achievement in the international environment,
- training for team work including the work in international environment.

Course Specific Competences:
Student will learn theoretical background of programmed cell death and its relevance and application in biomedical research. During his study he will use the newest scientific literature, which will improve his foreign language skills and his ability to critically view the published research. Preparation for implementation into project preparation from the cell death field.

Predvideni študijski rezultati:

Intendeded learning outcomes:

Poznavanje in razumevanje pojmov iz celične in molekularne biologije, predvsem celične smrti.
Poznavanje in razumevanje osnov nekaterih bolezni s poudarkom na raku in nevrodegenerativnih obolenjih.
Razumevanje in pregled različnih analitskih metod ter njihovih zmožnosti in omejitev.
Pregled različnih pristopov k reševanju relevantnih biomedicinskih problemov.

Knowledge and understanding of the basic phenomena in cell and molecular biology with the emphasis on cell death.
Knowledge and understanding of the basics of selected diseases with the emphasis on cancer and neurodegeneration.
Understanding and overview of analytical methods, their capabilities and limitations.
Overview of different approaches to solving relevant biomedical problems.

Metode poučevanja in učenja:

Learning and teaching methods:

Predavanja (v primeru več od 5 študentov), individualne konzultacije, seminarji (pregled literature), laboratorijsko delo (samo v primeru mentorstva)

Lectures (for 5 students or more), individual consultations, seminar work (overview of the literature), laboratory work (if supervising the student)

Načini ocenjevanja:

Delež v % / Weight in %

Assesment:

Seminar

50 %

Seminar

Ustni izpit

50 %

Oral exam

Reference nosilca / Lecturer's references:

1.	Kavcic N, Butinar M, Sobotič B, Hafner Cesen M, Petelin A, Bojic L, Zavasnik Bergant T, Bratovs A, Reinheckel T, Turk B. (2020) Intracellular cathepsin C levels determine sensitivity of cells to leucyl-leucine methyl ester-triggered apoptosis. FEBS J. 287, 5148-5166
2.	VITALE, Ilio, TURK, Boris, et al. Apoptotic cell death in disease-current understanding of the NCCD 2023. Cell death and differentiation. [Online ed.]. 2023, vol. 30, issue 5, str. 1097-1154. ISSN 1476-5403. DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01153-w
3.	ROMANO, Patrizia, TURK, Boris, et al. Autophagy in protists and their hosts: When, how and why?. Autophagy reports. 2023, vol. 2, no. 1, str. 149211-1-2149211-108. ISSN 2769-4127. DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2022.2149211
4.	Klionsky DJ, Abdel-Aziz AK, Abdelfatah S, … Turk, B., … (2021) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition). Autophagy 17, 1-382.
5.	Biasizzo M, Javorsek U, Vidak E, Zaric M, Turk B (2022) Cysteine cathepsins: A long and winding road towards clinics. Mol Aspects Med. 88, 101150. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101150.